This adds an optional 16 bit x 16 bit signed multiplier and uses it
for multiply instructions that return the low 64 bits of the product
(mull[dw][o] and mulli, but not maddld) when the operands are both in
the range -2^15 .. 2^15 - 1. The "short" 16-bit multiplier produces
its result combinatorially, so a multiply that uses it executes in one
cycle. This improves the coremark result by about 4%, since coremark
does quite a lot of multiplies and they almost all have operands that
fit into 16 bits.
The presence of the short multiplier is controlled by a generic at the
execute1, SOC, core and top levels. For now, it defaults to off for
all platforms, and can be enabled using the --has_short_mult flag to
fusesoc.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This is the start of an implementation of a PMU according to PowerISA
v3.0B. Things not implemented yet include most architected events,
the BHRB, event-based branches, thresholding, MMCR0[TBCC] field, etc.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
litesdcard provides a macro per vendor (eg xilinx, lattice) and not per
board, so modify the fusesoc generator to take a vendor. This will make
it easier to add litesdcard to more boards.
Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@linux.ibm.com>
This adds litesdcard.v generated from the litex/litesdcard project,
along with logic in top-arty.vhdl to connect it into the system.
There is now a DMA wishbone coming in to soc.vhdl which is narrower
than the other wishbone masters (it has 32-bit data rather than
64-bit) so there is a widening/narrowing adapter between it and the
main wishbone master arbiter.
Also, litesdcard generates a non-pipelined wishbone for its DMA
connection, which needs to be converted to a pipelined wishbone. We
have a latch on both the incoming and outgoing sides of the wishbone
in order to help make timing (at the cost of two extra cycles of
latency).
litesdcard generates an interrupt signal which is wired up to input 3
of the ICS (IRQ 19).
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This adds a GPIO controller which provides 32 bits of I/O. The
registers are modelled on the set used by the gpio-ftgpio010.c driver
in the Linux kernel. Currently there is no interrupt capability
implemented, though an interrupt line from the GPIO subsystem to the
XICS has been connected.
For the Arty A7 board, GPIO lines 0 to 13 are connected to the pins
labelled IO0 to IO13 on the "shield" connector, GPIO lines 14 to 29
connect to IO26 to IO41, GPIO line 30 connects to the pin labelled A
(aka IO42), and GPIO line 31 is connected to LED 7.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This changes the way GPR hazards are detected and tracked. Instead of
having a model of the pipeline in gpr_hazard.vhdl, which has to mirror
the behaviour of the real pipeline exactly, we now assign a 2-bit tag
to each instruction and record which GSPR the instruction writes.
Subsequent instructions that need to use the GSPR get the tag number
and stall until the value with that tag is being written back to the
register file.
For now, the forwarding paths are disabled. That gives about a 8%
reduction in coremark performance.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This implements a cache in fetch1, where each entry stores the address
of a simple branch instruction (b or bc) and the target of the branch.
When fetching sequentially, if the address being fetched matches the
cache entry, then fetching will be redirected to the branch target.
The cache has 1024 entries and is direct-mapped, i.e. indexed by bits
11..2 of the NIA.
The bus from execute1 now carries information about taken and
not-taken simple branches, which fetch1 uses to update the cache.
The cache entry is updated for both taken and not-taken branches, with
the valid bit being set if the branch was taken and cleared if the
branch was not taken.
If fetching is redirected to the branch target then that goes down the
pipe as a predicted-taken branch, and decode1 does not do any static
branch prediction. If fetching is not redirected, then the next
instruction goes down the pipe as normal and decode1 does its static
branch prediction.
In order to make timing, the lookup of the cache is pipelined, so on
each cycle the cache entry for the current NIA + 8 is read. This
means that after a redirect (from decode1 or execute1), only the third
and subsequent sequentially-fetched instructions will be able to be
predicted.
This improves the coremark value on the Arty A7-100 from about 180 to
about 190 (more than 5%).
The BTC is optional. Builds for the Artix 7 35-T part have it off by
default because the extra ~1420 LUTs it takes mean that the design
doesn't fit on the Arty A7-35 board.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This adds the skeleton of a floating-point unit and implements the
mffs and mtfsf instructions.
Execute1 sends FP instructions to the FPU and receives busy,
exception, FP interrupt and illegal interrupt signals from it.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This extends the register file so it can hold FPR values, and
implements the FP loads and stores that do not require conversion
between single and double precision.
We now have the FP, FE0 and FE1 bits in MSR. FP loads and stores
cause a FP unavailable interrupt if MSR[FP] = 0.
The FPU facilities are optional and their presence is controlled by
the HAS_FPU generic passed down from the top-level board file. It
defaults to true for all except the A7-35 boards.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This is a NiteFury based PCIe M2 form-factor board originally
used for mining. It contains a speed grade 2 Artix 7 200T,
1GB of DDR3 and 32MB of flash.
The serial port is routed to pin 2 (RX) and 3 (TX) of the P2
connector (pin 1 is GND).
Note: Only 16MB of flash is currently usable until code is added
to configure the flash controller to use 4-bytes address commands
on that part.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This adds a true random number generator for the Xilinx FPGAs which
uses a set of chaotic ring oscillators to generate random bits and
then passes them through a Linear Hybrid Cellular Automaton (LHCA) to
remove bias, as described in "High Speed True Random Number Generators
in Xilinx FPGAs" by Catalin Baetoniu of Xilinx Inc., in:
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/83ac/9e9c1bb3dad5180654984604c8d5d8137412.pdf
This requires adding a .xdc file to tell vivado that the combinatorial
loops that form the ring oscillators are intentional. The same
code should work on other FPGAs as well if their tools can be told to
accept the combinatorial loops.
For simulation, the random.vhdl module gets compiled in, which uses
the pseudorand() function to generate random numbers.
Synthesis using yosys uses nonrandom.vhdl, which always signals an
error, causing darn to return 0xffff_ffff_ffff_ffff.
This adds an implementation of the darn instruction. Darn can return
either raw or conditioned random numbers. On Xilinx FPGAs, reading a
raw random number gives the output of the ring oscillators, and
reading a conditioned random number gives the output of the LHCA.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This fixes up a few issues with parameters:
Only arty has "has_uart1" since we haven't added plumbing for a second UART
anywhere else. Also "uart_is_16550" was mixing on one of the nexys_video
targets, and nexys_video toplevel was missing LOG_LENGTH.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This imports via fusesoc a 16550 compatible (ie "standard") UART,
and wires it up optionally in the SoC instead of the potato one.
This also adds support for a second UART (which is always a
16550) to Arty, wired to JC "bottom" port.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
At present this just has the Xilinx-specific multiplier code, but
might in future have other things.
This also adds the xilinx_specific fileset to the synth target.
Without that it was failing because there was no multiplier.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This plumbs the LOG_LENGTH parameter (which controls how many entries
the core log RAM has) up to the top level so that it can be set on
the fusesoc command line and have different default values on
different FPGAs.
It now defaults to 512 entries generally and on the Artix-7 35 parts,
and 2048 on the larger Artix-7 FPGAs. It can be set to 0 if desired.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This adds a custom implementation of the multiplier which uses 16
DSP48E1 slices to do a 64x64 bit multiplication in 2 cycles.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
The fetch2 stage existed primarily to provide a stash buffer for the
output of icache when a stall occurred. However, we can get the same
effect -- of having the input to decode1 stay unchanged on a stall
cycle -- by using the read enable of the BRAMs in icache, and by
adding logic to keep the outputs unchanged on a clock cycle when
stall_in = 1. This reduces branch and interrupt latency by one
cycle.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This adds an SPI flash controller which supports direct
memory-mapped access to the flash along with a manual
mode to send commands.
The direct mode can be set via generic to default to single
wire or quad mode. The controller supports normal, dual and quad
accesses with configurable commands, clock divider, dummy clocks
etc...
The SPI clock can be an even divider of sys_clk starting at 2
(so max 50Mhz with our typical Arty designs).
A flash offset is carried via generics to syscon to tell SW about
which portion of the flash is reserved for the FPGA bitfile. There
is currently no plumbing to make the CPU reset past that address (TBD).
Note: Operating at 50Mhz has proven unreliable without adding some
delay to the sampling of the input data. I'm working in improving
this, in the meantime, I'm leaving the default set at 25 Mhz.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This adds a cache between the wishbone and litedram with the following
features (at this point, it's still evolving)
- 128 bytes line width in order to have a reasonable amount of
litedram pipelining on the 128-bit wide data port.
- Configurable geometry otherwise
- Stores are acked immediately on wishbone whether hit or miss
(minus a 2 cycles delay if there's a previous load response in the
way) and sent to LiteDRAM via 8 entries (configurable) store queue
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This adds an option to disable the main BRAM and instead copy a
payload stashed along with the init code in the secondary BRAM
into DRAM and boot from there
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
These provides some info about the SoC (though it's still somewhat
incomplete and needs more work, see comments).
There's also a control register for selecting DRAM vs. BRAM at 0
(and for soft-resetting the SoC but that isn't wired up yet).
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
The old toplevel.vhdl becomes top-generic.vhdl, which is to be used
by platforms that do not have a litedram option.
Arty has its own top-arty.vhdl which supports litedram and is now
hooked up
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This adds a new module to implement an MMU. At the moment it doesn't
do very much. Tlbie instructions now get sent by loadstore1 to mmu,
which sends them to dcache, rather than loadstore1 sending them
directly to dcache. TLB misses from dcache now get sent by loadstore1
to mmu, which currently just returns an error. Loadstore1 then
generates a DSI in response to the error return from mmu.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
This comes in two parts:
- A generator script which uses LiteX to generate litedram cores
along with their init files for various boards (currently Arty and
Nexys-video). This comes with configs for arty and nexys_video.
- A fusesoc "generator" which uses pre-generated litedram cores
The generation process is manual on purpose. This include pre-generated
cores for the two above boards.
This is done so that one doesn't have to install LiteX to build
microwatt. In addition, the generator script or wrapper vhdl tend to
break when LiteX changes significantly which happens.
This is still rather standalone and hasn't been plumbed into the SoC
or the FPGA toplevel files yet.
At this point LiteDRAM self-initializes using a built-in VexRiscv
"Minimum" core obtained from LiteX and included in this commit. There
is some plumbing to generate and cores that are initialized by Microwatt
directly but this isn't working yet and so isn't enabled yet.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
LiteDRAM at the moment pretty much enforces 100Mhz, and our software
isn't quite yet adaptable, so switch out default to 100Mhz accross
the board. Recent timing improvements should make it a non-issue.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This replaces the simple_ram_behavioural and mw_soc_memory modules
with a common wishbone_bram_wrapper.vhdl that interfaces the
pipelined WB with a lower-level RAM module, along with an FPGA
and a sim variants of the latter.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Vivado by default tries to flatten the module hierarchy to improve
placement and timing. However this makes debugging timing issues
really hard as the net names in the timing report can be pretty
bogus.
This adds a generic that can be used to control attributes to stop
vivado from flattening the main core components. The resulting design
will have worst timing overall but it will be easier to understand
what the worst timing path are and address them.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This replaces loadstore2 with a dcache
The dcache unit is losely based on the icache one (same basic cache
layout), but has some significant logic additions to deal with stores,
loads with update, non-cachable accesses and other differences due to
operating in the execution part of the pipeline rather than the fetch
part.
The cache is store-through, though a hit with an existing line will
update the line rather than invalidate it.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Since the condition setting got moved to writeback, execute2 does
nothing aside from wasting a cycle. This removes it.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
Check GPRs against any writers in the pipeline.
All instructions are still marked single in pipeline at
this stage.
Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@linux.ibm.com>
This adds combinatorial logic that does 32-bit and 64-bit count
leading and trailing zeroes in one unit, and consolidates the
four instructions under a single OP_CNTZ opcode.
This saves 84 slice LUTs on the Arty A7-100.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>
Consolidate and/andc/nand, or/orc/nor and xor/eqv, using a common
invert on the input and output. This saves us about 200 LUTs.
Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@linux.ibm.com>
Paul Mackerras
Michael Neuling
Anton Blanchard