core: Implement big-endian mode

Big-endian mode affects both instruction fetches and data accesses.
For instruction fetches, we byte-swap each word read from memory when
writing it into the icache data RAM, and use a tag bit to indicate
whether each cache line contains instructions in BE or LE form.

For data accesses, we simply need to invert the existing byte_reverse
signal in BE mode.  The only thing to be careful of is to get the sign
bit from the correct place when doing a sign-extending load that
crosses two doublewords of memory.

For now, interrupts unconditionally set MSR[LE].  We will need some
sort of interrupt-little-endian bit somewhere, perhaps in LPCR.

This also fixes a debug report statement in fetch1.vhdl.

Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>

common.vhdl

@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ package common is
 	req: std_ulogic;
         virt_mode : std_ulogic;
         priv_mode : std_ulogic;
+        big_endian : std_ulogic;
 	stop_mark: std_ulogic;
         sequential: std_ulogic;
 	nia: std_ulogic_vector(63 downto 0);
@@ -245,10 +246,12 @@ package common is
 	redirect: std_ulogic;
         virt_mode: std_ulogic;
         priv_mode: std_ulogic;
+        big_endian: std_ulogic;
 	redirect_nia: std_ulogic_vector(63 downto 0);
     end record;
     constant Execute1ToFetch1Init : Execute1ToFetch1Type := (redirect => '0', virt_mode => '0',
-                                                             priv_mode => '0', others => (others => '0'));
+                                                             priv_mode => '0', big_endian => '0',
+                                                             others => (others => '0'));
 
     type Execute1ToLoadstore1Type is record
 	valid : std_ulogic;

execute1.vhdl

@@ -496,9 +496,10 @@ begin
 	v.terminate := '0';
 	icache_inval <= '0';
 	v.busy := '0';
-        -- send MSR[IR] and ~MSR[PR] up to fetch1
+        -- send MSR[IR], ~MSR[PR] and ~MSR[LE] up to fetch1
         v.f.virt_mode := ctrl.msr(MSR_IR);
         v.f.priv_mode := not ctrl.msr(MSR_PR);
+        v.f.big_endian := not ctrl.msr(MSR_LE);
 
 	-- Next insn adder used in a couple of places
 	next_nia := std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(e_in.nia) + 4);
@@ -740,6 +741,7 @@ begin
 	    when OP_RFID =>
                 v.f.virt_mode := a_in(MSR_IR) or a_in(MSR_PR);
                 v.f.priv_mode := not a_in(MSR_PR);
+                v.f.big_endian := not a_in(MSR_LE);
                 -- Can't use msr_copy here because the partial function MSR
                 -- bits should be left unchanged, not zeroed.
                 ctrl_tmp.msr(63 downto 31) <= a_in(63 downto 31);
@@ -1161,6 +1163,8 @@ begin
             v.f.redirect := '1';
             v.f.virt_mode := '0';
             v.f.priv_mode := '1';
+            -- XXX need an interrupt LE bit here, e.g. from LPCR
+            v.f.big_endian := '0';
         end if;
 
         if v.f.redirect = '1' then
@@ -1176,7 +1180,7 @@ begin
         lv.data := c_in;
         lv.write_reg := gspr_to_gpr(e_in.write_reg);
         lv.length := e_in.data_len;
-        lv.byte_reverse := e_in.byte_reverse;
+        lv.byte_reverse := e_in.byte_reverse xnor ctrl.msr(MSR_LE);
         lv.sign_extend := e_in.sign_extend;
         lv.update := e_in.update;
         lv.update_reg := gspr_to_gpr(e_in.read_reg1);

fetch1.vhdl

@@ -50,8 +50,9 @@ begin
             log_nia <= r.nia(63) & r.nia(43 downto 2);
 	    if r /= r_next then
 		report "fetch1 rst:" & std_ulogic'image(rst) &
-                    " IR:" & std_ulogic'image(e_in.virt_mode) &
+                    " IR:" & std_ulogic'image(r_next.virt_mode) &
-                    " P:" & std_ulogic'image(e_in.priv_mode) &
+                    " P:" & std_ulogic'image(r_next.priv_mode) &
+                    " E:" & std_ulogic'image(r_next.big_endian) &
 		    " R:" & std_ulogic'image(e_in.redirect) & std_ulogic'image(d_in.redirect) &
 		    " S:" & std_ulogic'image(stall_in) &
 		    " T:" & std_ulogic'image(stop_in) &
@@ -81,11 +82,13 @@ begin
 	    end if;
             v.virt_mode := '0';
             v.priv_mode := '1';
+            v.big_endian := '0';
 	    v_int.stop_state := RUNNING;
 	elsif e_in.redirect = '1' then
 	    v.nia := e_in.redirect_nia(63 downto 2) & "00";
             v.virt_mode := e_in.virt_mode;
             v.priv_mode := e_in.priv_mode;
+            v.big_endian := e_in.big_endian;
         elsif d_in.redirect = '1' then
             v.nia := d_in.redirect_nia(63 downto 2) & "00";
 	elsif stall_in = '0' then

icache.vhdl

@@ -98,7 +98,8 @@ architecture rtl of icache is
     -- SET_SIZE_BITS is the log base 2 of the set size
     constant SET_SIZE_BITS : natural := LINE_OFF_BITS + INDEX_BITS;
     -- TAG_BITS is the number of bits of the tag part of the address
-    constant TAG_BITS      : natural := REAL_ADDR_BITS - SET_SIZE_BITS;
+    -- the +1 is to allow the endianness to be stored in the tag
+    constant TAG_BITS      : natural := REAL_ADDR_BITS - SET_SIZE_BITS + 1;
     -- WAY_BITS is the number of bits to select a way
     constant WAY_BITS     : natural := log2(NUM_WAYS);
 
@@ -289,9 +290,10 @@ architecture rtl of icache is
     end;
 
     -- Get the tag value from the address
-    function get_tag(addr: std_ulogic_vector(REAL_ADDR_BITS - 1 downto 0)) return cache_tag_t is
+    function get_tag(addr: std_ulogic_vector(REAL_ADDR_BITS - 1 downto 0);
+                     endian: std_ulogic) return cache_tag_t is
     begin
-        return addr(REAL_ADDR_BITS - 1 downto SET_SIZE_BITS);
+        return endian & addr(REAL_ADDR_BITS - 1 downto SET_SIZE_BITS);
     end;
 
     -- Read a tag from a tag memory row
@@ -327,9 +329,9 @@ begin
 	report "geometry bits don't add up" severity FAILURE;
     assert (LINE_OFF_BITS = ROW_OFF_BITS + ROW_LINEBITS)
 	report "geometry bits don't add up" severity FAILURE;
-    assert (REAL_ADDR_BITS = TAG_BITS + INDEX_BITS + LINE_OFF_BITS)
+    assert (REAL_ADDR_BITS + 1 = TAG_BITS + INDEX_BITS + LINE_OFF_BITS)
 	report "geometry bits don't add up" severity FAILURE;
-    assert (REAL_ADDR_BITS = TAG_BITS + ROW_BITS + ROW_OFF_BITS)
+    assert (REAL_ADDR_BITS + 1 = TAG_BITS + ROW_BITS + ROW_OFF_BITS)
 	report "geometry bits don't add up" severity FAILURE;
 
     sim_debug: if SIM generate
@@ -359,6 +361,7 @@ begin
 	signal wr_addr  : std_ulogic_vector(ROW_BITS-1 downto 0);
 	signal dout     : cache_row_t;
 	signal wr_sel   : std_ulogic_vector(ROW_SIZE-1 downto 0);
+        signal wr_dat   : std_ulogic_vector(wishbone_in.dat'left downto 0);
     begin
 	way: entity work.cache_ram
 	    generic map (
@@ -372,10 +375,20 @@ begin
 		rd_data => dout,
 		wr_sel  => wr_sel,
 		wr_addr => wr_addr,
-		wr_data => wishbone_in.dat
+		wr_data => wr_dat
 		);
 	process(all)
+            variable j: integer;
 	begin
+            -- byte-swap read data if big endian
+            if r.store_tag(TAG_BITS - 1) = '0' then
+                wr_dat <= wishbone_in.dat;
+            else
+                for i in 0 to (wishbone_in.dat'length / 8) - 1 loop
+                    j := ((i / 4) * 4) + (3 - (i mod 4));
+                    wr_dat(i * 8 + 7 downto i * 8) <= wishbone_in.dat(j * 8 + 7 downto j * 8);
+                end loop;
+            end if;
 	    do_read <= not (stall_in or use_previous);
 	    do_write <= '0';
 	    if wishbone_in.ack = '1' and replace_way = i then
@@ -494,7 +507,7 @@ begin
 	-- Extract line, row and tag from request
         req_index <= get_index(i_in.nia);
         req_row <= get_row(i_in.nia);
-        req_tag <= get_tag(real_addr);
+        req_tag <= get_tag(real_addr, i_in.big_endian);
 
 	-- Calculate address of beginning of cache row, will be
 	-- used for cache miss processing if needed

loadstore1.vhdl

@@ -201,14 +201,20 @@ begin
         end loop;
 
         -- Work out the sign bit for sign extension.
-        -- Assumes we are not doing both sign extension and byte reversal,
+        -- For unaligned loads crossing two dwords, the sign bit is in the
-        -- in that for unaligned loads crossing two dwords we end up
+        -- first dword for big-endian (byte_reverse = 1), or the second dword
-        -- using a bit from the second dword, whereas for a byte-reversed
+        -- for little-endian.
-        -- (i.e. big-endian) load the sign bit would be in the first dword.
+        if r.dwords_done = '1' and r.byte_reverse = '1' then
+            negative := (r.length(3) and r.load_data(63)) or
+                        (r.length(2) and r.load_data(31)) or
+                        (r.length(1) and r.load_data(15)) or
+                        (r.length(0) and r.load_data(7));
+        else
             negative := (r.length(3) and data_permuted(63)) or
                         (r.length(2) and data_permuted(31)) or
                         (r.length(1) and data_permuted(15)) or
                         (r.length(0) and data_permuted(7));
+        end if;
 
         -- trim and sign-extend
         for i in 0 to 7 loop